| racemosus, -a | with bunches | trosvormig | Cimicifuga racemosa |
| rapa | rape-shaped | raapvormig | Brassica rapa |
| radicans | rooting | wortelend | Campsis radicans |
| reevesiana | after J.Reeves | naar J.Reeves | Skimmia reevesiana |
| reflexa | backlashed | terugeslagen | Dracaena reflexa |
| regalis, -e | royal | koninklijk | Lillium regale |
| regelianum | after E. A. von Regel | naar E. A. von Regel | Ligustrum obtusifolium var. regelianum |
| regia | royal | koninklijk | Juglans regia |
| reginae | from the queen | van de koningin | Strelitzia reginae |
| repanda | shell-shaped | uitgeschulpt | Juniperus pfitzeriana 'Repanda' |
| repens | creeping | kruipend | Salix repens |
| reptans | creeping | kruipend | Ajuga reptans |
| resedaeflora | flowers as Reseda | bloemen als Reseda | Peperomia resedaeflora |
| reticulata | with maze-like drawning | netvormig getekend | Iris reticulata |
| revoluta | to recede | teruggebogen | Cycas revoluta |
| rex | king | koning | Begonia rex |
| rhamnoides | looks like Rhamnus | lijkend op Rhamnus | Hippophae rhamnoides |
| rhombifolia | diamond shaped | ruitvormig | Cissus rhombifolia |
| rhytidophyllum | with wrinkled leaves | met gerimpelde bladeren | Viburnum rhytidophyllum |
| rigida | rigid | stijf | Verbena rigida |
| ritro | old name for plant with thorns | oude naam voor plant met stekels | Echinops ritro |
| robur | oakwood, power | eikenhout | Quercus robur |
| robustus, -a | powerful | krachtig | Eremurus robustus |
| roebelinii | after Swiss Roebelin | naar de Zwitser Roebelin | Aglaonema roebelinii |
| rosa-sinensis | Chines rose | Chineze roos | Hibiscus rosa-sinensis |
| roseus, -a, um- | pink-red | rozerood | Althaea rosea |
| rotundifolia | round leaved | rondbladig | Buxus rotundifolia |
| rubellum | reddish | roodachtig | Chrysanthemum rubellum |
| ruber | red | rood | Centranthus ruber |
| rubicunda | scarlet red | scharlaken rood | Crassula rubicunda |
| rubiginosa | with rusty coloured hairs | met roestbruine haren | Rosa rubiginosa |
| rubra | red | rood | Cordyline rubra |
| rubrifolius | red coloured leaves | roodbladig | Cotinus coggygria 'Rubrifolius' |
| rubrostilla | with red stem | met rode stijl | Berberis rubrostilla |
| rubrum | red | rood | Lillium speciosum 'Rubrum' |
| rueppelii | after E. Rüppell | naar E. Rüppell | Pennisetum rueppelii |
| rugosa | wrinkeld | gerimpeld | Rosa rugosa |
